Press Release: Research Unveils Insights on Black Bear Den Selection in Northern Nevada
As black bears in Northern Nevada prepare for winter, new research reveals their struggles to find ideal dens amid a growing human population. A study led by the University of Nevada, Reno, highlights the essential factors influencing these bears’ decision-making in selecting winter habitats.
Kelley Stewart, a wildlife ecology professor, explained the significance of understanding bear behavior, particularly as both human and bear populations grow, leading to increased interactions. The research, published in the journal Ecology and Evolution, found notable differences in denning behaviors between male and female bears. Females typically enter their dens around December 6, while males follow about ten days later. Additionally, females remain in their dens longer, often caring for cubs born during hibernation.
The study also revealed that while male bears emerge based on temperature, females are less influenced by seasonal changes. Rugged, steep terrain is preferred for dens, offering better concealment, and den materials vary across regions—hollow trees in forests versus rock piles in more arid areas.
Interestingly, bears do not reuse dens year after year. Females tend to select steeper slopes, possibly to protect their cubs from male bears, which can pose a threat in spring.
Co-author Heather Reich noted the steady reestablishment of black bears in the region since the 1980s after their near extinction due to habitat destruction and hunting. The research, based on extensive data from the Nevada Department of Wildlife collected between 2011 and 2022, involved meticulous fieldwork to analyze 26 den sites.
This collaborative study underscores the commitment of the University and NV Department of Wildlife to wildlife research and education, fostering hands-on experiences for students. Funding for the project was provided by the Nevada Wildlife Record Book Foundation.
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Photo credit www.unr.edu
